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Nova Deadliest Earthquakes Worksheet Answers Revealed

Nova Deadliest Earthquakes Worksheet Answers Revealed
Nova Deadliest Earthquakes Worksheet Answers

Nova Deadliest Earthquakes Worksheet Answers

Deadliest Earthquakes Nova Worksheet Answers

Delving into the complexities of earth’s seismic activities, NOVA’s documentary “Deadliest Earthquakes” offers viewers a comprehensive look at how and why earthquakes happen. If you’ve been tasked with completing the accompanying worksheet, you’re in for a fascinating journey through the geological phenomena that shape our world. Here are the answers and detailed explanations to help you understand these natural disasters better.

What Causes Earthquakes?

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Earthquakes are primarily caused by the movement of tectonic plates. Here are the key points:

  • The Earth’s lithosphere is divided into several tectonic plates.
  • These plates move due to the heat from the Earth’s core creating convection currents in the mantle.
  • The edges of these plates often collide, creating plate boundaries:
    • At divergent boundaries, plates move apart, creating tension and space for new crust to form.
    • At convergent boundaries, plates collide, and one plate might slide beneath the other in a process called subduction.
    • At transform boundaries, plates slide past each other horizontally, often causing friction.

Elastic Rebound Theory

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When plates move, they often lock at their boundaries due to friction. This builds up elastic strain in the rock, which, when released, results in earthquakes:

  • Elastic Strain Accumulation: Rocks deform elastically when subjected to stress.
  • Sudden Release: When the stress overcomes the friction, the rocks snap back to their original shape or break.

⚠️ Note: While the elastic rebound theory explains how earthquakes are created, predicting the exact timing and location of an earthquake remains a significant challenge in seismology.

Seismic Waves

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The energy released during an earthquake travels through the Earth in several types of seismic waves:

Wave Type Description Impact
P-waves (Primary) Compressional waves, move through liquid and solid Arrive first, cause less damage
S-waves (Secondary) Shear waves, move through solids only Greater ground motion, cause more structural damage
Surface Waves Move along the Earth’s surface, types include Rayleigh and Love waves Most damaging, cause the ground to shake vigorously
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Factors That Influence Earthquake Magnitude and Intensity

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The magnitude of an earthquake is measured using different scales, with the Moment Magnitude Scale being the most modern:

  • Magnitude: Reflects the energy released during the earthquake.
  • Intensity: Measures the effects of an earthquake on the surface. It’s not a measure of energy but how the ground motion impacts people, structures, and the environment.

Summing Up Insights

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The exploration of earthquakes through the “Deadliest Earthquakes” documentary provides an invaluable understanding of why these events occur, the science behind them, and their impacts on society. From the basics of tectonic plate movement to the more complex seismology, viewers gain insights into one of nature’s most powerful forces. This review not only explains the scientific aspects but also encourages reflection on how we can better prepare and mitigate the effects of earthquakes. Understanding these natural phenomena is the first step towards reducing their devastating impact on human life and infrastructure.

How are earthquakes measured?

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Earthquakes are measured using scales like the Richter Scale, which measures the amplitude of seismic waves, and the Moment Magnitude Scale, which considers the rigidity of the Earth, the area of the fault that ruptures, and the amount of slip.

What is the difference between magnitude and intensity?

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Magnitude measures the energy released at the source of the earthquake. Intensity describes the strength of shaking produced by an earthquake at a specific location. Therefore, magnitude is objective, while intensity can vary based on local conditions.

Can we predict earthquakes?

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Current technology does not allow for precise predictions of when and where an earthquake will occur. However, probabilistic hazard maps and monitoring of seismic activity can provide clues about earthquake-prone areas and potential precursory phenomena.

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